What is it called when an object makes a full circular rotation?

When an object makes one full circular rotation, it completes one revolution.

A revolution describes one complete cycle around a circle, equivalent to 360 degrees or 2π radians. The term is often used for wheels, gears, turntables, shafts, and other rotating machinery. Rotational speed is commonly measured in revolutions per minute, abbreviated rpm.

In everyday language, “revolution” and “rotation” are sometimes interchangeable, but physics often distinguishes them. Rotation usually means an object turning around an internal axis, such as Earth spinning around its own axis. Revolution often means one body moving around an external point or axis, such as Earth traveling around the Sun.

That distinction explains a frequently asked astronomy fact: Earth completes one rotation in about 24 hours but takes about 365.25 days to complete one revolution around the Sun. In a quiz about a single complete circular turn, however, “one revolution” is the standard term.