What event is depicted on the east pediment of the Parthenon?

The east pediment of the Parthenon depicted the birth of Athena. In the myth, the goddess emerged fully armed from the head of Zeus, making the scene an especially fitting subject for a temple dedicated to Athens’ patron deity.

The east end was the temple’s most important facade because it faced the rising sun and the sacred approach to the Acropolis. The pediment’s central figures were lost in antiquity, probably when the Parthenon was converted into a Christian church and an apse was inserted into the eastern end. As a result, the scene must be reconstructed from surviving fragments, ancient descriptions, and early drawings.

The other options refer to different mythological or sculptural themes. Amazonomachy and Gigantomachy are battles represented elsewhere in the Parthenon’s decoration, while the contest between Athena and Poseidon was the subject of the west pediment. That contest explains Athena’s claim to the city, but it was not the east-pediment scene.