What emblem is centered on Ecuador's official national flag?

The emblem centered on Ecuador's official national flag is the coat of arms.

Ecuador’s flag uses three horizontal bands: yellow, blue, and red, with the yellow band twice as wide as either of the others. The coat of arms is placed in the center of the state flag and depicts important national symbols, including Mount Chimborazo, the Guayas River, the Galápagos Islands, and a ship.

A common mix-up is that Ecuador also has a plain version of the yellow-blue-red tricolour. That design is used as the merchant ensign, while the coat-of-arms version is used for official state purposes, including government offices, the military, and diplomatic missions. Ecuador’s design is also easily confused with Colombia’s and Venezuela’s flags, which share the same Pan-Colombian colours but differ in proportions and emblem placement.