What co-official Bolivian flag was established as a national symbol by the 2009 constitution?

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The Wiphala is the co-official Bolivian flag established as a national symbol by the 2009 Constitution.

Bolivia’s Constitution, in Article 6, Section II, lists the Wiphala alongside the red-yellow-green tricolor, national anthem, coat of arms, cockade, kantuta flower and patujú flower. It represents Indigenous peoples, especially the Andean communities associated with Qullasuyu.

The best-known Wiphala is a square 7-by-7 checkerboard of seven colors arranged diagonally. Its regional variations are linked to the four traditional Andean suyus; the southern Qullasuyu version is the one constitutionally associated with Bolivia. It is therefore not simply an alternative design of the tricolor.

A common mix-up is confusing the Wiphala with Bolivia’s floral symbols. The kantuta and patujú are also constitutional national symbols, but neither is a flag. Since 2009, official protocol has generally displayed the Wiphala alongside the national tricolor, with both carrying state-symbol status.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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