The Haloid Company was the original name of Xerox. Founded in Rochester, New York, in 1906, the company initially focused on photographic supplies rather than office copiers.
Haloid later partnered with inventor Chester Carlson to develop xerography, a dry copying process based on electrostatic charges. The breakthrough Xerox 914 copier, introduced in 1959, made plain-paper copying practical and transformed the company’s fortunes.
As xerographic technology became its central business, the company changed its name to Haloid Xerox in 1958 and then to Xerox Corporation in 1961. The word “Xerox” comes from xerography, derived from Greek roots meaning “dry writing.”
A common mix-up is confusing the company’s original legal name with later forms such as Haloid Photographic Company or Haloid Xerox. The earliest corporate name was The Haloid Company, making Xerox the canonical answer to this question.