In the Epic of Gilgamesh, which material is the Cedar Forest’s guardian Humbaba said to have for a face?

The story behind the answer

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Humbaba is described as having intestines for a face.

Humbaba, also called Huwawa in Sumerian tradition, guards the Cedar Forest on behalf of the god Enlil. The poem gives him terrifying and highly unusual bodily features, including a face associated with intestines in translations of the Standard Babylonian text. His appearance is part of the monster’s supernatural characterization.

Gilgamesh and Enkidu enter the forest seeking fame and cedar wood. They confront Humbaba with help from the sun god Shamash, who sends powerful winds against him. The heroes ultimately kill the guardian, despite Humbaba’s pleas for mercy.

Translations can vary in the exact wording of monstrous anatomy, because the epic survives in damaged tablets and different linguistic versions. The intestines detail is nevertheless a distinctive feature of the Standard Babylonian description.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

Add question to a list

Choose a list to keep this question in: