In Hesiod’s Pandora myth, which Titan is punished alongside humanity for stealing fire?

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In Hesiod’s Pandora myth, Prometheus is the Titan punished alongside humanity for stealing fire.

Prometheus is a figure from Greek mythology associated with foresight, craftsmanship, and the aid of humanity. Hesiod depicts his conflict with Zeus through two linked episodes: Prometheus deceives Zeus during a sacrifice, and later steals fire for humans after Zeus withholds it. Zeus then orders the creation of Pandora as a punishment directed at humankind.

Prometheus’s individual punishment is separate from Pandora’s arrival. In the wider mythic tradition, Zeus has Prometheus chained to a mountain, where an eagle repeatedly eats his liver. Heracles eventually frees him in later versions. A common mix-up is treating Prometheus as Pandora’s husband; Hesiod instead associates Pandora with Epimetheus, Prometheus’s brother, and specifically warns that Epimetheus should not accept gifts from Zeus.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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