Osiris became the principal ruler and judge of the dead in ancient Egyptian afterlife belief.
Osiris was associated with death, resurrection, fertility, and the renewal of life. In funerary scenes, the deceased approaches Osiris after undergoing judgment. Anubis performs or supervises the weighing of the heart, while Thoth records the result and Osiris presides over the divine tribunal.
The roles overlap in popular summaries, which can make Anubis and Osiris seem interchangeable. Anubis was the embalmer and guide who protected the dead; Osiris was the resurrected king and ruler of the blessed dead. Egyptian religion changed over many centuries, so individual texts and local traditions could emphasize different aspects of these gods.