How many years did Nelson Mandela spend on Robben Island?

Nelson Mandela spent 18 years on Robben Island. He was transferred there in 1964 after the Rivonia Trial and remained there until his move to Pollsmoor Prison in 1982.

Robben Island was used to imprison political opponents of apartheid, and Mandela was assigned hard labour in a limestone quarry. Prison conditions were harsh, but political prisoners developed educational and organisational practices that helped preserve their movement and leadership.

The 18-year figure is often confused with Mandela’s total time in prison. He spent 27 years and 191 days incarcerated altogether: 18 years on Robben Island, about six years at Pollsmoor and Victor Verster, and additional time in Pretoria Prison before his transfer to the island. He was released in February 1990.