None of the people on Captain James Cook’s first voyage died from scurvy. The voyage, aboard HMS Endeavour from 1768 to 1771, was a notable success in preventing the disease during an era when scurvy routinely devastated long-distance sailing crews.
Cook’s methods included strict attention to cleanliness, access to fresh food whenever the ship reached land, and provisions such as sauerkraut and other antiscorbutics. The crew did experience illness: astronomer Charles Green and the Tahitian navigator Tupaia developed symptoms, but neither death was attributed to scurvy.
The answer is sometimes confused with the voyage’s overall death toll. Several crew members died during the expedition, particularly after Endeavour reached Batavia, now Jakarta, where fever and dysentery caused heavy losses. Those deaths were not scurvy deaths.
Cook’s achievement helped establish his reputation for preserving crew health, although the medical reason was not yet understood. Vitamin C was identified much later as the nutrient whose deficiency causes scurvy.