How long is an African elephant’s gestation period?

An African elephant’s gestation period is about 22 months. This is the longest pregnancy of any living land animal and allows the calf’s large body and complex brain to develop before birth.

African elephants usually give birth to one calf. Newborns can weigh roughly 100 kilograms, although the exact weight varies by individual and species. Calves are born relatively well developed: they can stand soon after birth and begin walking with the herd.

Elephant societies are matriarchal. A calf typically remains close to its mother and other females, which help protect and guide it. Nursing can continue for several years, while the calf gradually learns how to feed on vegetation.

People sometimes confuse pregnancy length with the time elephants remain dependent on their mothers. The 22-month figure refers only to gestation; elephant calves can remain with their family group for many years while learning routes, feeding sites, and social behavior.