At the 1314 Battle of Bannockburn, which Scottish king defeated the English army?

At the 1314 Battle of Bannockburn, Robert the Bruce defeated the English army. The battle was fought on 23 and 24 June 1314 near Stirling during the First War of Scottish Independence.

Robert, also known as Robert I of Scotland, faced an English army led by King Edward II. The English campaign aimed to relieve Stirling Castle, whose garrison was under pressure from Scottish forces. Robert’s army used disciplined infantry formations called schiltrons, while the confined and marshy ground restricted the movement of English cavalry.

The Scottish victory secured Robert’s position as king and became a defining event in Scotland’s struggle for independence. It did not immediately end every conflict between Scotland and England, but it greatly strengthened Scottish bargaining power.

William Wallace was another important Scottish resistance leader, but he was executed in 1305, years before Bannockburn. David II was Robert’s son and successor, while Alexander III died in 1286.