A protective covering for the body is called armor, also spelled armour. Armor is designed to absorb, deflect or resist physical attacks and other hazards, especially in combat.
Personal armor has taken many forms throughout history. Ancient soldiers used materials such as leather, bronze and iron, while medieval warriors became associated with mail made from interlocking metal rings and later with plate armor. Armor did not always cover the entire body; helmets, breastplates and leg protection were often combined with shields or other equipment.
The word has a wider meaning today. Body armor can protect soldiers, police officers and security personnel, while specialized armor is used in activities such as cycling, construction and bomb disposal. Vehicles, ships and aircraft can also have armor intended to reduce damage from weapons or dangerous environments.
A common distinction is between armor and a shield. A shield is normally held separately and used to intercept attacks, whereas armor is worn or built into the object it protects. In American English, “armor” is standard; “armour” is the usual British and Commonwealth spelling.