Who wrote the 2017 book Doughnut Economics?

Kate Raworth wrote the 2017 book Doughnut Economics.

Raworth’s doughnut model presents a framework for balancing human well-being with environmental limits. The inner ring represents a social foundation, such as health, education, food, and political voice. The outer ring represents an ecological ceiling defined by planetary pressures.

The space between the two rings is described as a safe and just space for humanity. The model uses the familiar shape of a doughnut as a visual metaphor, but its subject is economics and sustainability rather than food production.

Raworth developed the ideas while working with Oxfam and later expanded them in her book Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st-Century Economist. The model is frequently discussed in relation to climate policy, urban planning, and sustainable development.