Who was the son of Abraham born to Hagar?

Ishmael was the son of Abraham born to Hagar.

In Genesis, Hagar was an Egyptian servant of Sarah, Abraham's wife. Because Sarah had not yet borne a child, she gave Hagar to Abraham, and Hagar conceived Ishmael. The biblical account says an angel announced his name, explaining it in connection with God hearing Hagar's distress.

Ishmael was Abraham's first son. Later, Sarah gave birth to Isaac, who became the son associated with the covenantal line in Genesis. After Isaac's birth, Sarah demanded that Hagar and Ishmael be sent away; the story says God preserved them in the wilderness and promised to make Ishmael a great nation.

Ishmael is also important in Islam, where he is known as Isma'il and regarded as a prophet. Islamic tradition connects him with Hagar, Mecca, the Zamzam well, and the construction of the Kaaba with Abraham. Isaac, Jacob, and Esau belong to different parts of the family story: Isaac was Ishmael's half-brother, and Jacob was Isaac's son.