Who was the Roman god of the sea?

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Who was the Roman god of the sea? Neptune was the Roman god of the sea.

Neptune was Rome’s counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. He ruled the sea and freshwater, and Romans also associated him with horses and horse racing. His wife was Salacia, a goddess linked with salt water. In later Roman tradition, Neptune joined Jupiter and Pluto as one of three brothers whose domains included the heavens, the seas, and the underworld.

Neptune was commonly depicted with a trident, dolphins, horses, or a chariot moving across the waves. His festival, the Neptunalia, was held on July 23, during the hot season when water was especially precious. This suggests that his earliest Roman associations may have involved springs and freshwater before his identity became firmly maritime.

A temple to Neptune stood near the Circus Flaminius in Rome and existed by at least 206 BCE. Neptune should not be confused with the similarly named planet, although the planet was deliberately named after the sea god and uses a trident as its astronomical symbol.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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