Who is traditionally credited with inventing the movable-type printing press in Europe?

Johannes Gutenberg is traditionally credited with inventing the movable-type printing press in Europe.

Gutenberg was a German goldsmith and printer active in Mainz during the 15th century. Around 1450, he developed a practical system combining reusable metal type, oil-based ink and a press adapted from existing screw-press technology. This made it possible to produce consistent pages much faster than hand copying.

His most famous surviving work is the Gutenberg Bible, printed in Mainz around 1454–1455. It is often described as the first major book printed with movable metal type in Europe, although earlier block printing and movable-type technologies existed in East Asia. Chinese printers used wood and ceramic type centuries before Gutenberg.

Gutenberg did not create writing or paper, and he was not the first printer anywhere in the world. His achievement was making a highly effective European printing process that helped accelerate the spread of books, literacy and religious debate.