Who founded the Nobel Prizes through the terms of his 1895 will?

Alfred Nobel founded the Nobel Prizes through the terms of his 1895 will.

Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, and industrialist best known for inventing dynamite. In his will, signed in Paris on 27 November 1895, he directed that most of his fortune be used to create prizes for people who had conferred the greatest benefit on humanity.

The original prize fields were Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The first awards were presented in 1901, five years after Nobel’s death. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was added later, beginning in 1969.

Nobel did not personally award the prizes, and the Nobel Foundation was created after his death to manage the fortune. The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, while the other original prizes are awarded in Stockholm.