Who designed the original Pikachu for Pokémon?

Atsuko Nishida designed the original Pikachu for Pokémon.

Nishida created the species during development of the first Pokémon games at Game Freak. Lead designer Ken Sugimori asked her to develop a cute Electric-type Pokémon that could serve an important role in the game.

Nishida's original design was later finalized and illustrated for the games by Ken Sugimori. This is why Sugimori is also closely associated with Pikachu's visual appearance, even though Nishida is credited with creating the original design. Satoshi Tajiri created the Pokémon franchise, but he did not design Pikachu himself.

Pikachu's design was shaped by the technical limitations and visual style of the original Game Boy. Its yellow color, red cheek sacs, pointed ears, and lightning-shaped tail helped it remain instantly recognizable in games, animation, cards, and merchandise.