Who created the Köppen climate classification system?

Wladimir Köppen created the Köppen climate classification system.

Köppen was a Russian-German geographer, meteorologist, climatologist and botanist. He first published a map of climatic zones in 1884, then developed and refined the classification around temperature, precipitation and their seasonal patterns. The system was strongly influenced by his interest in how climate shapes vegetation.

Its five main groups are tropical, arid, temperate, continental and polar, labeled A through E. Additional letters describe rainfall patterns and temperature characteristics; for example, Af denotes a tropical rainforest climate and Cfb an oceanic climate.

Rudolf Geiger later modified the system, so modern references often call it the Köppen–Geiger classification. Leslie Holdridge and Charles Thornthwaite also developed important climate or ecological classification schemes, but neither created Köppen’s system.