Which volcano in Tonga erupted on 15 January 2022, producing a global atmospheric pressure wave?

Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai was the Tongan volcano that erupted on 15 January 2022 and produced a global atmospheric pressure wave.

The volcano was a submarine volcanic complex in the South Pacific, near the islands of Hunga Tonga and Hunga Haʻapai. Its climactic eruption generated a powerful shock wave, an ash column, lightning, and a tsunami that affected coastlines around the Pacific.

The eruption was exceptional because it injected an unusually large amount of water vapor into the stratosphere as well as ash and volcanic gases. The pressure wave was detected around the world and even produced unusual atmospheric disturbances far from Tonga.

The event also destroyed much of the volcanic island. It is sometimes described simply as the Hunga Tonga eruption, but Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai is the formal name associated with the volcano and its former island system.