Taal Volcano in the Philippines is located inside a lake within a larger volcanic caldera.
Taal occupies Volcano Island in Taal Lake, south of Manila. The lake-filled caldera formed through enormous prehistoric eruptions, while the island contains a smaller active volcanic complex with its own crater lake.
This nested structure makes Taal a classic example of a complex volcano. Its 2020 eruption sent ash high above the surrounding region and led to evacuations because communities live close to the lake and volcano.
Taal is sometimes described as a small volcano because the island is compact, but the overall volcanic system is much larger. It is also separate from Mayon, famous for its symmetrical cone, and Mount Pinatubo, known for its 1991 eruption.