Which volcano buried Pompeii under ash in 79 CE?

The volcano that buried Pompeii under ash in 79 CE was Mount Vesuvius.

Vesuvius erupted in the Bay of Naples region in 79 CE, sending pumice, ash, and hot volcanic material over nearby settlements. Pompeii was buried beneath several metres of deposits, while Herculaneum was overwhelmed by hotter flows and surges. The eruption preserved buildings, objects, graffiti, and human remains with extraordinary detail.

Pliny the Younger described the disaster in letters to the historian Tacitus. His account includes the distinctive umbrella-shaped eruption cloud and the death of his uncle, Pliny the Elder, who commanded the Roman fleet at Misenum and sailed toward the disaster.

The exact calendar date remains debated because surviving manuscripts give different readings, although 24 August is the traditional date. Vesuvius did not become extinct after the ancient eruption; it has erupted repeatedly, including a major eruption in 1944.