Which U.S. Supreme Court case required police to inform suspects of their rights?

The U.S. Supreme Court case that required police to inform suspects of their rights is Miranda v. Arizona.

Decided on June 13, 1966, the case concerned Ernesto Miranda, who confessed after being arrested and questioned in Phoenix, Arizona, without being clearly told that he could remain silent or consult a lawyer. The Supreme Court held that custodial interrogation requires procedural safeguards against compelled self-incrimination.

The resulting Miranda warnings generally tell a person that they have the right to remain silent, that statements can be used in court, and that they have the right to an attorney, including appointed counsel if they cannot afford one. The rule applies to custodial interrogation, not automatically to every police conversation or every arrest.

Another common misunderstanding is that Miranda itself dismissed the charges against Miranda permanently. The Court overturned his conviction, but he was later retried and convicted using other evidence. The case is about the admissibility of statements obtained during questioning, not a general requirement that police read rights at the instant of every arrest.