Which U.S. stock-market crash followed the 1907 run on Knickerbocker Trust?

The U.S. stock-market crash that followed the run on Knickerbocker Trust was the Panic of 1907.

The panic intensified in October 1907 after a failed attempt to corner United Copper shares led depositors to withdraw money from associated trust companies. Knickerbocker Trust, then one of New York's largest trust companies, suspended operations after a run, worsening public fear.

J. Pierpont Morgan organized private bankers and used his own influence and funds to stabilize institutions and markets. The New York Stock Exchange suffered a severe decline, while banks and businesses faced shortages of cash and credit.

The episode demonstrated the limitations of a financial system without a U.S. central bank. The Federal Reserve System was created in 1913, and the Panic of 1907 is widely regarded as an important force behind that reform, though the crash itself had multiple causes.