Which U.S. stock-market crash began after the Wall Street trading peak of September 3, 1929?

The U.S. stock-market crash that followed the September 3, 1929, peak was the Wall Street Crash of 1929.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average reached a record closing level on September 3 before prices began a prolonged collapse. Panic selling intensified in late October, with Black Thursday on October 24, Black Monday on October 28, and Black Tuesday on October 29 becoming the best-known dates.

The crash did not by itself create every condition of the Great Depression, but it destroyed wealth and weakened confidence. Bank failures, falling production, unemployment, debt problems, and reduced consumer spending deepened the economic crisis during the following years. The crash is therefore a major financial event within the wider Depression, not a complete synonym for it.

Many accounts overstate the role of ordinary share purchases on margin as the sole cause. Speculation and leverage mattered, but economic contraction and weaknesses in banking and international finance also shaped what followed. The Dow did not regain its 1929 peak until 1954.