Which U.S. stock index lost about 89% from its 1929 peak to its 1932 low during the Wall Street Crash?

The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost about 89% from its 1929 peak to its 1932 low during the Wall Street Crash.

The Dow reached a pre-crash closing high of 381.17 on September 3, 1929. After repeated waves of selling, it reached 41.22 on July 8, 1932. That represented an approximate 89.2% decline from the peak, although the index eventually recovered its previous high only in 1954.

The Dow tracks a price-weighted group of major U.S. companies, so it is not the same as the broader market. The S&P 500 did not yet exist in its modern form, and the Nasdaq Composite was created decades later.

The 1929 collapse is often presented as one continuous plunge, but the market experienced rallies and pauses along the way. Its decline also reflected broader economic damage, including bank failures, falling production, and mass unemployment.