Which U.S. market crash in March 2020 was triggered by the economic shock of COVID-19?

The U.S. market crash in March 2020 triggered by the economic shock of COVID-19 was the COVID-19 market crash.

As the coronavirus spread internationally, governments imposed travel restrictions, business closures, and other public-health measures. Investors rapidly reassessed corporate earnings, economic activity, and credit risks. U.S. stocks experienced several extraordinary sessions in March, including four market-wide trading halts known as circuit breakers.

The S&P 500 entered a bear market after falling at least 20% from its February 19 record close. On March 16, the index fell 11.98%, one of its worst daily declines. Massive fiscal support, central-bank action, and progress toward vaccines later helped markets recover. The crash is sometimes described as the March 2020 crash to distinguish it from the longer economic recession and from the later inflation-driven market declines.