Surtsey is the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iceland that protects the volcanic island formed during a 1963 eruption.
The island emerged from the sea about 32 kilometres south of Iceland’s coast during a submarine volcanic eruption that began in November 1963. Eruptions continued until June 1967, producing an island with an area of roughly 1.3 square kilometres at its maximum size.
Surtsey has been protected from most human interference since its formation. Scientists have used it as a natural laboratory, recording how seeds, plants, insects, birds, and other organisms colonize new land.
The island is not simply valued for its geology. Its importance comes from the opportunity to observe ecological succession from the beginning. UNESCO inscribed Surtsey in 2008. Access is tightly controlled, helping preserve the scientific record and prevent accidental introduction of organisms.