Which trust company became central to the Panic of 1907 after a failed copper speculation?

Knickerbocker Trust Company became central to the Panic of 1907 after a failed copper speculation.

In October 1907, financier F. Augustus Heinze and associates attempted to corner the stock of United Copper Company. The scheme failed, and Heinze's connection to Knickerbocker Trust Company caused depositors to fear for the institution's safety. A run began, and the company suspended operations on October 22.

The panic spread through banks and trust companies in New York and other parts of the United States. J. P. Morgan organized private support and persuaded financial institutions to provide emergency funds. The crisis eventually helped persuade policymakers that the United States needed a central banking system.

The Federal Reserve was created in 1913, four years after the panic. Knickerbocker Trust was not itself the sole cause of the crisis: speculation, weak financial arrangements, and a lack of an official lender of last resort also mattered.