Which treaty, effective in 1952, formally ended Japan's state of war with most Allied nations?

The Treaty of San Francisco, effective in 1952, formally ended Japan's state of war with most Allied nations.

Also called the Treaty of Peace with Japan, it was signed on 8 September 1951 at the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco. Japan and 48 Allied countries were parties to the agreement. It entered into force on 28 April 1952, ending the Allied occupation and restoring Japan's sovereignty.

The treaty followed the 1945 surrender by almost seven years because the postwar settlement involved occupation policy, territorial questions, reparations, security arrangements, and the future status of Japan. The Soviet Union attended the conference but did not sign the treaty. China was also not a signatory because the United States and its allies disagreed over which Chinese government should represent China.

The treaty is distinct from the Japanese Instrument of Surrender. The instrument ended the fighting in 1945; the San Francisco treaty established the later legal peace settlement and ended the occupation framework in 1952.