Which scientist formulated the theory of general relativity?

Albert Einstein formulated the theory of general relativity.

Einstein published the final form of general relativity in 1915. The theory describes gravity not as an ordinary force between masses, but as the curvature of spacetime produced by matter and energy. Objects follow paths through that curved spacetime.

General relativity expanded the framework of Isaac Newton, whose laws remain highly accurate for many everyday and engineering situations. Einstein’s theory explained the previously unexplained advance of Mercury’s perihelion and predicted effects such as gravitational time dilation, light bending, and gravitational waves.

A famous early test came during the 1919 solar eclipse, when observations were interpreted as supporting the predicted deflection of starlight near the Sun. Modern technologies also depend on relativistic corrections: GPS timing must account for both special and general relativity. Einstein’s work on general relativity is distinct from his 1905 special theory of relativity, which addresses motion without gravity.