Ops was the Roman goddess of fertility and harvest, and the wife or consort of Saturn. Her name means “plenty,” “wealth,” or “abundance,” fitting her role as a deity of agricultural prosperity and stored grain.
Ops was closely connected with the earth’s productive power and the wealth created by farming. In the aspect Ops Consiva, she presided over the reserved or stored portion of the harvest, alongside Consus, a god associated with stored grain. This made her relevant not only to growing crops but also to preserving food supplies.
Romans celebrated her at two major festivals. The Opiconsivia took place on August 25, while the Opalia was held on December 19. Her worship was connected with the Regia and other important religious sites in Rome.
Ops is often confused with Ceres because both goddesses were linked to agriculture. Ceres was more specifically associated with grain, crops, and the motherly agricultural cycle, while Ops represented abundance, fertility, and the prosperity secured by a successful harvest. Later Roman writers also identified Ops with the Greek goddess Rhea.