The Roman god often associated with Valentine’s Day is Cupid.
In Roman mythology, Cupid is the god of desire, attraction, affection, and erotic love. He is also called Amor, and classical tradition commonly presents him as the son of Venus, the Roman goddess of love, and Mars, the god of war. His familiar symbols are a bow and arrows, which he uses to inspire uncontrollable desire.
Cupid’s closest Greek counterpart is Eros. The two figures are related but not identical in every tradition: Greek Eros had several different forms and origin stories, while Roman Cupid became especially prominent as Venus’s companion. In ancient art, Cupid was not always the chubby child familiar from modern cards; earlier depictions could show him as a winged youth.
His connection with Valentine’s Day is largely cultural rather than part of the original Christian feast. As the holiday developed into a celebration of romance, Cupid’s imagery—especially wings, arrows, and playful matchmaking—became a convenient symbol. Cupid is therefore sometimes called a Roman love god, though “god of desire” is a more precise description.