Which Roman commander was Cleopatra's ally during the Alexandrian War?

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Julius Caesar was Cleopatra’s ally during the Alexandrian War.

The conflict began in 48 BC when Caesar arrived in Alexandria during Rome’s civil war and became involved in the succession dispute between Cleopatra VII and her younger brother Ptolemy XIII. Caesar initially sought money owed by Egypt and attempted to enforce the terms of the late king’s will, which required the siblings to rule jointly.

Ptolemy’s faction opposed Caesar and besieged him and his troops in Alexandria. Cleopatra secretly entered the palace quarter, where she formed a political and personal alliance with Caesar. Reinforcements later arrived for Caesar, and his forces defeated Ptolemy XIII’s army at the Battle of the Nile.

After the victory, Caesar restored Cleopatra to power alongside her younger brother Ptolemy XIV. Caesar’s support was not a simple modern-style alliance: it combined Roman military intervention, debt collection, dynastic arbitration, and his personal relationship with Cleopatra. Pompey, one of the answer choices, was Caesar’s rival and had already been assassinated in Egypt.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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