The osprey is the only bird of prey in the genus Pandion.
The osprey is also called the fish hawk or sea hawk because fish make up most of its diet. It is placed in the family Pandionidae, separate from the true hawks, eagles, and kites in Accipitridae. That distinct classification reflects its unusual combination of anatomical and behavioral traits.
Ospreys have reversible outer toes. This arrangement helps them grasp slippery fish, while rough scales and curved talons improve their grip. They can close their nostrils during dives and often shake water from their feathers after surfacing.
Ospreys are found on every continent except Antarctica. Many populations migrate, sometimes crossing oceans, while some birds remain resident in warmer regions. Their nests are large stick platforms, often built on trees, cliffs, poles, or artificial structures near productive water.