Nahum's book predicts the fall of the Assyrian capital Nineveh.
The three-chapter Book of Nahum is centered on an oracle against Nineveh, portraying the city's destruction as judgment for Assyria's violence and imperial cruelty. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the siege, panic, defeat, and desolation of the once-powerful capital.
Nineveh fell in 612 BCE when Babylonian and Median forces captured it. Nahum is therefore commonly associated with the prophecy of Nineveh's final downfall. The book likely dates to the seventh century BCE, although scholars debate its precise composition and historical setting.
A common mix-up is Jonah. Jonah was sent to Nineveh earlier and warned that it would be overturned, but the city repented and was spared in that story. Nahum's prophecy concerns Nineveh's later, definitive destruction. Zephaniah also mentions Nineveh's future ruin, but Nahum's book is the prophetic work most specifically devoted to it.