Which octopus species uses coconut halves as portable shelters?

The octopus species that uses coconut halves as portable shelters is the coconut octopus, also called the veined octopus.

Its scientific name is Amphioctopus marginatus. Living on exposed sandy or muddy seafloors, it collects discarded coconut shell halves and sometimes bivalve shells or other debris. The octopus carries the pieces beneath its body, then assembles them around itself when it needs protection.

When transporting shells, it uses a remarkable form of movement called stilt-walking. Several arms become rigid supports while the animal carries the awkward load with its other arms. Although the shells offer little protection during transport, they become a strong dome-like shelter once arranged.

Researchers reported this behavior in 2009 after observing individuals in Indonesia. It is considered tool use because the octopus collects objects, carries them for later use, and assembles them when needed. The species is also known for bipedal locomotion and for using shells in habitats where natural hiding places are scarce.