Which novel did Hemingway publish in 1937?

Ernest Hemingway published To Have and Have Not in 1937. The novel appeared in the United States on October 15 through Charles Scribner’s Sons, after Hemingway had worked on it between 1935 and 1937.

The story follows Harry Morgan, a Key West fishing-boat captain who becomes involved in smuggling between Florida and Cuba after financial hardship leaves him desperate to support his family. Its settings and social tensions reflect the Great Depression, especially the divide between wealthy “haves” and struggling “have-nots.”

The novel grew from two earlier magazine stories: “One Trip Across,” published in Cosmopolitan in 1934, and “The Tradesman’s Return,” published in Esquire in 1936. Hemingway expanded Harry Morgan’s story into a longer, more politically charged narrative while also traveling to Spain during the Spanish Civil War.

A common mix-up is For Whom the Bell Tolls, another major Hemingway novel, but it was published in 1940. The 1944 film To Have and Have Not, starring Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, substantially changed the book’s setting and plot.