Auschwitz was the Nazi concentration camp complex that included Monowitz, also known as Auschwitz III.
Monowitz was established in German-occupied Poland near the chemical works of IG Farben. Prisoners were used as forced labor to build and operate the Buna synthetic-rubber and fuel plant. The site was designated Auschwitz III-Monowitz and formed part of the wider Auschwitz camp system.
Auschwitz I served as the original concentration camp, while Auschwitz II-Birkenau became the largest killing center in the complex. Monowitz had a different primary function: supplying exploited labor for industry, though prisoners still faced starvation, violence, disease, and lethal working conditions. The writer Primo Levi was imprisoned there and later described his experiences in Survival in Auschwitz.