Which moth species is known as the bogong moth of Australia?

Agrotis infusa is the moth species known as the bogong moth of Australia.

Bogong moths are famous for their long seasonal movements into the Australian Alps. In spring, adults travel toward cool mountain caves and rocky shelters, where they enter a summer dormancy called aestivation. They later leave the mountains and migrate to breeding areas, completing a cycle that can span hundreds of kilometres.

The moth is an important seasonal food for several animals, including the endangered mountain pygmy possum. Large concentrations of bogong moths historically provided a major energy source in alpine ecosystems. Numbers have fallen sharply during some recent years because drought and changing climate conditions can disrupt migration and breeding.

The name bogong moth is sometimes used loosely for related Australian moths, but Agrotis infusa is the species associated with the famous alpine migration. It is a noctuid moth, not a butterfly.