Paolo Uccello created the three-panel Battle of San Romano series during the Italian Renaissance.
The paintings commemorate Florence’s victory over Siena at the Battle of San Romano in 1432. They are celebrated for their dramatic use of perspective, with lances, fallen weapons, and soldiers arranged along carefully constructed lines that lead into the battlefield. The series was probably commissioned by the Florentine Bartolini Salimbeni family.
The three panels are now separated: one is in the National Gallery in London, one in the Louvre in Paris, and one in Florence’s Uffizi Gallery. Their exact original sequence has been debated, but all three depict episodes from the same Florentine military victory.
Uccello’s unusual interest in geometric perspective helped make him one of the distinctive painters of the early Renaissance. He is sometimes confused with Andrea del Castagno, another Florentine painter of battle scenes, but the Battle of San Romano is specifically associated with Uccello.