Which international organization, founded in 1974, coordinates energy policy among industrialized nations?

The International Energy Agency, or IEA, is the organization founded in 1974 to coordinate energy policy among industrialized nations.

The agency was created after the 1973–1974 oil crisis, when an embargo by major oil producers exposed how vulnerable importing countries were to supply interruptions and price shocks. It was established within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and is headquartered in Paris.

Its original mission centered on oil-supply security. IEA members developed emergency-response arrangements, including obligations to maintain oil stocks and cooperate during serious disruptions. The agency also collects energy data, publishes forecasts and advises governments on energy policy.

The IEA is often confused with OPEC. OPEC groups major oil-exporting countries and seeks to coordinate petroleum policies among its members; the IEA was created primarily by oil-consuming industrialized countries to strengthen security and cooperation. Today, the IEA's work extends beyond oil to gas, electricity, renewables, efficiency, technology and climate-related energy transitions.