Tata Group is the Indian conglomerate associated with the Tata Trusts’ 66% ownership stake in Tata Sons.
The Tata Trusts are a group of charitable trusts established by members of the Tata family. Their origins reach back to 1892, when Jamsetji Tata created the JN Tata Endowment. The trusts later expanded through institutions such as the Sir Ratan Tata Trust and the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust.
The precise corporate relationship is important: the trusts do not directly own 66% of every operating company in the Tata Group. They collectively hold about 66% of Tata Sons, the principal investment holding company and promoter of the wider Tata Group. Tata Sons owns significant stakes in, or controls, many Tata businesses.
The trusts use income connected to this ownership structure to support philanthropy in health care, education, research, nutrition, livelihoods, water and sanitation, culture, and social development. Institutions linked to Tata philanthropy include the Indian Institute of Science, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Tata Memorial Centre, and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.