Lono is the Hawaiian deity associated with farming and agriculture.
In Hawaiian religion, Lono governs fertility, agriculture, rainfall, food plants, music, and peace. Rain was essential to growing staple crops, so Lono’s agricultural role was closely tied to weather and the renewal of the land. He was sometimes called Lono-makua, or “Lono the Provider,” emphasizing his connection with nourishment and abundance.
Lono was honored during the Makahiki, a major annual festival lasting roughly from October through February. During this season, warfare and unnecessary work were kapu, or forbidden, while communities celebrated with games, music, religious observances, and the collection of tribute. The festival linked agricultural productivity with social peace.
Some Hawaiian stories describe Lono descending to Earth on a rainbow to marry Laka. The deity should not be confused with Kū, who has strong associations with warfare and political power, or Kāne, associated with creation and life-giving forces. Stories connecting Lono with Captain James Cook are debated and should not be treated as settled fact.