Which groove separates the human brain’s frontal and parietal lobes?

The central sulcus separates the human brain’s frontal and parietal lobes.

This prominent groove runs across each cerebral hemisphere, roughly from the upper middle surface toward the lateral fissure. It forms an important anatomical boundary: the precentral gyrus, in the frontal lobe, lies in front of it, while the postcentral gyrus, in the parietal lobe, lies behind it.

The central sulcus is especially useful because these neighboring gyri have different major functions. The precentral gyrus contains the primary motor cortex, which controls voluntary movement. The postcentral gyrus contains the primary somatosensory cortex, which receives and organizes body sensations.

The central sulcus is sometimes called the fissure of Rolando, after Italian anatomist Luigi Rolando. It should not be confused with the lateral sulcus, which separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes.