Which goddess of the harvest is often depicted as a snake?

The Egyptian harvest goddess often depicted as a snake was Renenutet.

Renenutet was a goddess of grain, nourishment, vineyards, food stores, and the harvest. Egyptians could portray her as a cobra, a woman with a cobra’s head, or a woman wearing a uraeus, the rearing cobra emblem associated with divine and royal protection.

Her importance grew from the practical dependence of Egyptian society on successful crops and secure granaries. Shrines and images dedicated to her appeared around kitchens, ovens, vineyards, wine containers, and storage areas. Offerings were made to her at harvest time, when the first produce was gathered and the survival of the community depended on preserving food.

Renenutet also had maternal and royal roles. She could be understood as a divine nurse who cared for the pharaoh and sustained his authority. In different traditions she was associated with Sobek, Geb, Nepri, and the serpent goddess Wadjet. That last association causes a common mix-up: Wadjet was primarily the cobra protectress of Lower Egypt, while Renenutet’s defining sphere was nourishment and agricultural abundance.

Her major cult centers included Terenuthis and Medinet Madi in the Faiyum, where she was worshiped alongside Sobek.