Which German chemist published a similar periodic table months after Mendeleev?

The German chemist who published a similar periodic table months after Mendeleev was Lothar Meyer.

Meyer was one of the independent pioneers of periodic classification. In his 1864 book, Die modernen Theorien der Chemie, he presented an early table containing 28 elements arranged into families according to valence. His work showed that recurring chemical behavior could be connected with atomic weight.

After Mendeleev’s 1869 publication, Meyer produced a more developed table. A paper dated December 1869 appeared in early 1870 and included 55 elements, along with a graph showing how atomic volume varied with atomic weight. The graph revealed repeating physical trends across the elements.

Meyer and Mendeleev are often portrayed as rivals, but their work was substantially independent. Mendeleev became better known because he boldly predicted missing elements and their properties. Both chemists were later recognized together: the Royal Society awarded them the Davy Medal in 1882.