Which French emperor suppressed the Spanish Inquisition through the 1808 Chamartín Decrees?

The French emperor who suppressed the Spanish Inquisition through the 1808 Chamartín Decrees was Napoleon Bonaparte.

Napoleon issued the decrees on December 4, 1808, after French forces reoccupied Madrid during the Peninsular War. One decree abolished the Inquisition, describing it as an attack on civil authority and sovereignty. Its property was transferred to the Spanish Crown, partly to support the monarchy’s finances.

The measure applied in French-controlled Spain under Napoleon’s brother, Joseph Bonaparte. It did not permanently end the institution across all Spanish territory: the Cortes of Cádiz abolished it in 1813, Ferdinand VII restored it in 1814, and it was finally suppressed in 1834.

A common mix-up is attributing the act to Joseph Bonaparte because he was king of Spain when the decree operated. However, Napoleon personally promulgated the Chamartín Decrees, making him the canonical answer.