Which founding document begins with the phrase 'When in the Course of human events'?

The United States Declaration of Independence begins with the phrase “When in the Course of human events.” Its opening explains that a people may need to dissolve political ties with another nation and must state the reasons for separation.

Thomas Jefferson drafted most of the document in June 1776 as part of a five-member committee appointed by the Second Continental Congress. The document was revised and debated by Congress before being adopted on July 4, 1776. Its famous preamble then presents ideas about natural rights, equality, and legitimate government, followed by grievances against King George III.

The Declaration is sometimes confused with the Constitution because both are foundational American documents. The Constitution, written in 1787, created the federal government’s structure, while the Declaration announced independence and justified revolution. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution in 1791, and the Federalist Papers were essays supporting ratification. The quoted opening therefore identifies the Declaration, not any of those later texts.